Aluminium sulfate, feem ntau hu ua alum, yog ib qho tseem ceeb inorganic tshuaj siv dav hauv kev lag luam. Vim nws muaj peev xwm coagulation muaj zog thiab tus nqi- kev ua tau zoo, nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau qhov kev lag luam xws li kev kho dej, kev tsim ntawv, textile ua, thiab cov khoom siv tsim kho.
Hauv kev lag luam niaj hnub no, aluminium sulfate feem ntau siv rau hauv:
Kev kho dej haus thiab kev kho dej khib nyiab
Paper manufacturing raws li tus neeg sawv cev sizing
Textile dyeing thiab xov
Kev ua zaub mov hauv qee thaj chaw ua haujlwm pab
Kev tsim kho thiab av stabilization
Vim tias nws feem ntau siv rau hauv cov dej huv huv thiab kev lag luam ib puag ncig, ntau tus kws tshaj lij thiab cov kws tsim khoom siv feem ntau nug cov lus nug tseem ceeb: Puas yog txhuas sulfate muaj teeb meem rau tib neeg?
Tsab ntawv xov xwm no muab cov lus qhia txog kev tshaj lij ntawm txhuas sulfate los ntawm ntau qhov kev pom, suav nrog toxicology, kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev raug mob, cov qauv kev tswj hwm, thiab kev tswj xyuas kev nyab xeeb, pab tswj kev yuav khoom, engineers, thiab cov tuam txhab kho dej kom nkag siab zoo txog nws qhov profile.
Aluminium Sulfate yog dab tsi?
Chemical Composition thiab Properties
Aluminium sulfate yog cov ntsev inorganic nrog cov tshuaj formula Al₂(SO₄)₃. Nws feem ntau yog ua los ntawm reacting aluminium hydroxide los yog bauxite nrog sulfuric acid.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj muaj xws li:
Cov tsos mob: Dawb crystalline khoom, flakes, hmoov, los yog granular daim ntawv
Solubility: Soluble nyob rau hauv dej
pH cwj pwm: Aqueous daws yog acidic
Stability: Chemically ruaj khov nyob rau hauv ib txwm cia tej yam kev mob
Muaj aluminium sulfate feem ntau nkag rau hauv ntau hom:
Hmoov
Granular
Ua kua
Txhua daim ntawv no yog tsim los kom haum rau kev siv tshuaj sib txawv thiab cov ntawv thov kev lag luam.
Main Industrial Applications
Aluminium sulfate yog dav siv nyob rau hauv ntau yam sectors vim nws zoo heev coagulation thiab tshuaj zog.
Cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb suav nrog:
Haus dej kom huv (raws li coagulant)
Kev kho dej khib nyiab hauv nroog thiab kev lag luam
Paper manufacturing raws li ib tug sizing thiab tuav tus neeg sawv cev
Textile dyeing thiab xov
Cov ntaub ntawv tsim kho thiab kev kho av
Ntawm cov ntawv thov no, kev kho dej sawv cev yog qhov loj tshaj plaws thoob ntiaj teb noj ntawm txhuas sulfate.
Yuav ua li cas Aluminium Sulfate cuam tshuam nrog tib neeg lub cev
Kev coj cwj pwm hauv kev kho dej
Hauv kev kho dej, aluminium sulfate ua haujlwm ua cov coagulant. Thaum yaj hauv dej, nws reacts tsim aluminium hydroxide flocs.
Cov flocs no ua ntau yam haujlwm tseem ceeb:
Capture suspended hais
Tshem tawm cov colloids
Adsorb cov kab mob organic
Txhim kho dej clarity thiab pom efficiency
Thaum lub sij hawm kev kho mob, aluminium hydroxide flocs nyob thiab raug tshem tawm los ntawm sedimentation thiab pom. Yog li ntawd, qhov seem ntawm aluminium concentration hauv cov dej kho yog feem ntau qis heev.
Muaj peev xwm Exposure Routes
Txawm hais tias txhuas sulfate yog dav siv hauv kev lag luam, tib neeg raug feem ntau txwv thiab tswj. Txoj hauv kev muaj peev xwm nthuav tawm muaj xws li:
Cov dej haus uas muaj cov kab mob aluminium residues
Kev sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij thaum muaj kev lag luam
Inhalation ntawm hmoov av nyob rau hauv cov hmoov ua ib puag ncig
Kev poob qis hauv kev lag luam hauv chaw ua haujlwm
Raws li kev ua haujlwm ib txwm muaj thiab kev tswj hwm kev txwv, cov kev cuam tshuam no feem ntau yog tsawg.
Puas yog Aluminium Sulfate Toxic rau tib neeg?
Mob toxicity
Aluminium sulfate feem ntau suav hais tias muaj kev mob toxicity tsawg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev raug ncaj qha rau cov khoom siv concentrated yuav ua rau mob me me.
Tej yam tshwm sim luv luv -cov teebmeem muaj xws li:
tawv nqaij khaus
Qhov muag khaus
Ua pa ua pa los ntawm nqus cov plua plav
Cov teebmeem no feem ntau yog ib ntus thiab tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau los ntawm kev coj ua kev nyab xeeb kom raug.
Ntev -Lub Sij Hawm Muaj Kev Pom Zoo
Ntev -lub sij hawm raug mus rau qib siab heev ntawm aluminium compounds tau kawm txog cov txiaj ntsig kev noj qab haus huv. Qee qhov kev tshawb fawb tau tshawb fawb txog kev sib txuas ntawm aluminium raug thiab cov kab mob neurological, txawm hais tias cov txiaj ntsig tseem tsis tiav.
Tam sim no scientific kev pom zoo pom zoo:
Aluminium sulfate ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo rau kev noj qab haus huv tsawg nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj kev lag luam thiab kev kho dej.
Cov koom haum tswj hwm tau tsim cov kev txwv nruj rau cov qib txhuas hauv cov dej haus kom muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Kev faib tawm toxicity
Raws li feem ntau Cov Ntaub Ntawv Kev Nyab Xeeb (SDS / MSDS):
Aluminium sulfate tsis raug cais raws li cov tshuaj lom neeg muaj zog heev.
Nws yog feem ntau categorized raws li qis - tshuaj lom neeg muaj tshuaj lom neeg thaum siv kom tsim nyog.
Kev nyab xeeb ntawm Aluminium Sulfate hauv Kev Kho Dej Haus
Residual Aluminium Standards
Cov koom haum thoob ntiaj teb kev noj qab haus huv thiab ib puag ncig tau tsim cov txheej txheem rau qib txhuas hauv cov dej haus.
Piv txwv li:
LEEJ TWG Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Haus Dej
US EPA Cov Qauv Dej Haus
EU Cov Lus Qhia Dej Haus
Cov kev cai no xyuas kom meej tias cov qib txhuas nyob hauv qhov kev txwv tsis pub muaj kev noj qab haus huv rau tib neeg.
Hom Residual Levels
Hauv cov chaw kho dej ua haujlwm kom raug:
Residual aluminium concentrations feem ntau yog qis dua 0.2 mg / L.
Cov qib no suav hais tias muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv sijhawm ntev -.
Vim Li Cas Thiaj Pom Zoo
Aluminium sulfate tau siv hauv kev kho dej rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo vim muaj ntau yam zoo:
Pov thawj kho efficiency
Kev ruaj khov thiab kev ua haujlwm tau zoo
Tus nqi ua haujlwm qis
Zoo -tsim kho tshuab
Rau cov laj thawj no, nws tseem yog ib qho ntawm feem ntau siv coagulants hauv kev kho dej hauv nroog thoob ntiaj teb.
Kev Nyab Xeeb Kev Ua Haujlwm Thaum Tuav Aluminium Sulfate
Muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm txaus ntshai
Cov neeg ua haujlwm tuav cov txhuas sulfate hauv ib puag ncig kev lag luam yuav ntsib qee qhov kev pheej hmoo yog tias tsis ua raws li cov txheej txheem kev nyab xeeb.
Cov kev txhawj xeeb xws li:
Plua plav nqus pa thaum tuav cov ntaub ntawv hmoov
Cov tawv nqaij raug rau cov tshuaj concentrated
Qhov muag khaus los ntawm splashes los yog hais
Pom zoo ntsuas kev nyab xeeb
Txhawm rau txo qis kev pheej hmoo raug kis, cov qauv kev nyab xeeb kev lag luam yuav tsum ua raws li:
Siv cov cuab yeej tiv thaiv tus kheej (PPE)
Hnav chemical- hnab looj tes tiv taus
Siv cov looj tsom iav los yog lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv
Hnav plua plav qhov ncauj qhov ntswg lossis lub tshuab ua pa hauv cov chaw tuav cov hmoov
Khaws qhov cua kom txaus
Cov kev ntsuas no txo qis kev phom sij ntawm kev ua haujlwm.
Cov Txheej Txheem Kev Txhim Kho thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas
Kev khaws cia kom zoo kuj tseem ceeb rau kev nyab xeeb thiab khoom ruaj khov:
Khaws rau hauv qhov chaw qhuav thiab noo noo -dawb ib puag ncig
Khaws cov ntim ntim ntim thiab tiv thaiv los ntawm cov av noo
Tsis txhob sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj muaj zog alkaline
Siv cov khoom tiv thaiv corrosion-cov khoom ntim
Ua raws li cov lus qhia no pab tswj cov khoom lag luam zoo thiab tiv thaiv kev tsis txaus siab.
Environmental thiab Regulatory Considerations
Environmental Impact
Thaum tso tawm rau hauv cov dej, aluminium sulfate raug tshuaj lom neeg cov tshuaj tiv thaiv uas tsim aluminium hydroxide precipitates.
Cov no precipitates:
Teem tawm ntawm kab dej
Txuas nrog cov khoom raug tshem tawm
Tshem tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem sedimentation
Yog li ntawd, qhov kev cuam tshuam ib puag ncig feem ntau suav tias yog qis thaum tswj kom raug.
Ntiaj teb kev tswj hwm kev ua raws cai
Feem ntau cov khoom lag luam aluminium sulfate ua raws li kev cai thoob ntiaj teb tshuaj thiab dej kho, xws li:
REACH (European Union chemical kev cai)
EPA cov qauv hauv Tebchaws Meskas
NSF / ANSI ntawv pov thawj rau cov tshuaj kho dej haus
Cov txheej txheem no ua kom cov khoom zoo, kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig.
Kev thauj mus los thiab kev faib tawm
Raws li kev sib xyaw ua ke thiab kev tsim, txhuas sulfate feem ntau yog thauj los ua cov tshuaj tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg. Txawm li cas los xij, kev faib tawm yuav txawv raws li:
Yam khoom
Kev daws concentration
Cov cai thauj hauv zos
Qhov zoo ntawm Aluminium Sulfate hauv Kev Siv Khoom
Aluminium sulfate tseem yog cov tshuaj nyiam hauv kev kho dej thiab kev lag luam vim nws cov txiaj ntsig ntau:
Ua tau zoo coagulant
Tus nqi qis piv nrog lwm cov tshuaj
Yooj yim cia thiab thauj mus los
ruaj khov thiab paub tab kho tshuab
Muaj feem xyuam rau kev kho dej hauv nroog thiab kev lag luam
Cov txiaj ntsig zoo no ua rau nws yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom huv hauv dej thoob ntiaj teb.
Xaus
Hauv cov ntsiab lus, aluminium sulfate yog ib qho siv dav thiab zoo- tau kawm txog cov tshuaj muaj kev nyab xeeb nrog cov keeb kwm ntev ntawm daim ntawv thov kev nyab xeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv cov dej haus thiab kev kho dej khib nyiab.
Cov kev tshawb fawb txog kev tshawb fawb thiab kev tswj hwm cov txheej txheem qhia tau hais tias:
Thaum siv raws li cov qauv tsim thiab siv kom raug, txhuas sulfate ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau tib neeg.
Cov kev cai nruj xyuas kom ntseeg tau tias cov qib txhuas seem hauv cov dej haus muaj kev nyab xeeb.
Rau cov kws tshaj lij kev muag khoom thiab cov kws kho dej kho dej, xaiv siab -purity, zoo- ruaj khov muaj aluminium sulfate los ntawm cov neeg muag khoom txhim khu kev qha yog qhov tseem ceeb los xyuas kom meej cov kev kho mob zoo ib yam thiab kev ua raws cai.
Raws li kev xav tau thoob ntiaj teb rau cov dej huv txuas ntxiv mus ntxiv, aluminium sulfate yuav yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb rau kev ua kom zoo thiab raug nqi - ua kom huv dej zoo.